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Wintergreen

Gaultheria fragrantissima

Gaultheria is a small shrub less than fifteen centimetres tall of the Ericaceae family, which grows in the forests of Nepal (Gaultheria fragrantissima syn. punctata) as well as in China (Gaultheria yunnanensis) and in North America (Gaultheria procumbens).

Its white to pale pink flowers are located at the base of the leaves and are bell shaped. They give scarlet red berries from October to March.

Main aromatic molecules: Aromatic ester (methyl salicylate).
Family: Ericaceae.
Productive organs: Leaves.
Yield: Leaves.
Equivalence: 1ml → 30 drops (dosage calculated for a calibrated dropper European Pharmacopoeia).

Bath

Skin application

Gaultheria is named after Jean-François Gaulthier (1708-1756), royal physician botanist in Quebec. He observed that Inuits and Indians in Canada had been chewing or making infusions of gaultheria leaves to bring down fever and relieve pain since the dawn of time. This fairy of the Great North, called ”mountain tea” in Quebec played an important role in pharmacology: in the 19th century North America supplied Europe with ”essence of wintergreen”, extracted by steam distillation from the entire plant. In 1844, William Proctor, ”the father of American pharmacy” and the Frenchman Auguste Cahours isolated the main component of this essential oil, ”methyl salicylate” then Cahours synthesised salicylic acid by hydrolysis, which was used as a medicine for rheumatism before the synthesis of acetylsalicylic acid, a molecule better known by the brand name of aspirin.

AROMATHERAPIA

Extracts from the book ’Aromatherapia – All about essential oils’, by Isabelle Pacchioni, watercolors by Patrick MORIN, Aroma Thera Editions . Extracts from the book ’41 essential oils essential for treating yourself differently’ and ’48 essential oils which every home needs to be healthy’ by Isabelle Delaleu and Isabelle Pacchioni, Publications of the Mandadori France group. Botanical illustrations by Agathe Haevermans.

The properties, benefits and method of use are given for information; they cannot in any case constitute or replace medical information that only health professionals can provide. For any use of essential oils for therapeutic purposes, please consult your GP or pharmacist.

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